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Rev. cuba. med. trop ; 70(3): 1-9, set.-dic. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-991100

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Aedes aegypti es vector de virus dengue, chikungunya y Zika en Costa Rica. Su alta incidencia y carencia de vacunas hacen del control vectorial, incluyendo el químico, la única alternativa para disminuir su transmisión. El uso reiterativo de insecticidas propicia su resistencia. Objetivo: Determinar la resistencia y mecanismos de detoxificación enzimática a temefós e insecticidas piretroides en cepas de Ae. aegypti de tres distritos de la Región Pacífico Central de Costa Rica. Métodos: La resistencia a temefós, deltametrina y cipermetrina fue determinada en tres cepas de Barranca, Jacó y Quepos mediante bioensayos en larvas. Para cada insecticida se calculó la concentración letal 50 por ciento (CL50) y un factor de resistencia 50 por ciento(FR50), empleando la cepa Rockefeller como control. Ante la ocurrencia de resistencia, se repitieron los bioensayos utilizando butóxido de piperonilo, S,S,S, tributilfosforotritioato y ácido etacrínico que inhiben monooxigenasas, esterasas y glutatión S transferasa, respectivamente. Resultados: Ninguna cepa mostró resistencia a temefós. Las cepas Barranca y Jacó fueron resistentes a deltametrina (FR50= 7,38; 28,23, respectivamente). La cepa Jacó mostró, adicionalmente, resistencia a cipermetrina (FR50= 7,70). La cepa Quepos no mostró resistencia a ningún piretroide. Solo la cepa Barranca mostró disminución de resistencia a deltametrina asociada al butóxido de piperonilo denotando vinculación con monooxigenasas (FR50: 10,10). Para los otros casos de resistencia, ninguno de los sinergistas disminuyó la resistencia. Conclusiones: Las larvas de Ae. aegypti de las localidades evaluadas no mostraron resistencia a temefós. Respecto a piretroides se evidenció la aparición de resistencia que posiblemente no es mediada por detoxificación enzimática(AU)


Introduction: Aedes aegypti is the vector of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses in Costa Rica. The high incidence and the lack of vaccines make vector control, including chemical control, the only measure to prevent transmission. The repetitive use of insecticides may induce resistance. Objective: To determine resistance and enzymatic detoxifying mechanisms to temephos and pyrethroids insecticides in strains of Ae. aegypti from three districts of the Central Pacific Region of Costa Rica. Methods: Resistance to temephos, deltamethrin, and cypermethrin was determined in three strains of Barranca, Jacó, and Quepos by larval bioassays. In each test, the lethal concentration 50 percent (LC50) and a factor of resistance 50 percent (FR50) were calculated, using the Rockefeller strain as control. When resistance was observed, the bioassays were repeated using piperonyl butoxide, S,S,S, tributylphosphorotritioate, and ethacrynic acid, that inhibit monoxygenases, esterases, and glutathione S- transfererase, respectively. Results: None of the strains were resistant to temephos. Resistance to deltamethrin (FR50= 7.38 and FR50= 28.23, respectively) was determined in the strains from Barranca and Jacó, while resistance to cypermethrin was detected only in Jacó (FR50= 7.70). The Quepos strain was not resistant to any pyrethroid. Only the Barranca strain showed a decrease in the resistance to deltamethrin when piperonyl butoxide was used, linking the resistance to monooxygenase enzymes (FR50: 10.10). For the other cases, none of the synergists decreased the resistance. Conclusions: Larvae of Ae. aegypti from the localities evaluated were not resistant to temephos. With respect to pyrethroids, results show an emergence of resistance that may not be mediated by enzymatic detoxification(AU)


Subject(s)
Vector Control of Diseases , Pyrethrins/standards , Aedes/pathogenicity , Costa Rica , Vector Control of Diseases
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